《植物生理学报》 2021, 57(1): 149-158

‘羊角蜜’甜瓜不同部位发育及品质差异形成机制研究

鲍甜甜，王硕硕，王建全，楚顺鹏，史庆华^*

山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院, 山东果蔬优质高效生产协同创新中心, 农业农村部黄淮地区园艺作物生物

通信作者：史庆华；E-mail: qhshi@sdau.edu.cn

摘　要：

本研究以中部和蒂部果肉甜度差异显著的长锥形薄皮甜瓜(Cucumis melo)品种‘羊角蜜’为试材, 探讨果实发育中蒂果和中果肉糖分梯度积累变化的生理机制。结果表明, 发育前期到中期, 蒂果肉和中果肉细胞膨大, 蔗糖含量很低, 葡萄糖和果糖积累快速上升; 发育后期, 蒂果肉和中果肉细胞膨大速度变缓, 蔗糖含量升高, 中果肉蔗糖含量显著高于蒂果肉, 蒂果肉葡萄糖和果糖含量降低, 中果肉葡萄糖和果糖含量增加。‘羊角蜜’甜瓜在发育后期蒂果和中果肉糖分积累差异最显著。蒂果和中果肉糖分积累由蔗糖代谢相关酶及内源生长素协同调控, 酸性转化酶(AI)活性及蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)活性变化是导致中果肉蔗糖积累高于蒂果的主要原因。

关键词：甜瓜; 糖积累; 梯度分布; 蔗糖代谢酶; 内源激素

收稿：2020-08-10   修定：2020-10-31

资助：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD1000802)。

Study on the formation mechanism of development and quality difference in different parts of ‘Yangjiaomi’ melon

BAO Tiantian, WANG Shuoshuo, WANG Jianquan, CHU Shunpeng, SHI Qinghua^*

College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Collaborative Innovation

Corresponding author: SHI Qinghua; E-mail: qhshi@sdau.edu.cn

Abstract:

In this study, the melon (Cucumis melo) variety ‘Yangjiaomi’ with long cone shape, which has significant difference in sweetness between the mesocarp adjacent to pedicel and mesocarp of the fruit, was used as the test material to explore the physiological mechanism of sugar gradient accumulation in the mesocarp adjacent to pedicel and mesocarp of the fruit. The results showed that from the early to the middle stage of fruit development, the cell dilation of the mesocarp adjacent to pedicel and mesocarp, the sucrose content of the fruit was very low, and the accumulation of glucose and fructose increased rapidly. In the middle and late stage of development period, the cell dilation of the mesocarp adjacent to pedicel and mesocarp slowed down, the sucrose content of the fruit increased quickly, the sucrose content in the mesocarp was significantly higher than that in the mesocarp adjacent to pedicel, and the glucose and fructose content in the mesocarp adjacent to pedicel decreased, while the glucose and fructose content in the mesocarp increased. The difference of sugar accumulation between the mesocarp adjacent to pedicel and mesocarp of the fruit was the most significant in the later period of development. The accumulation of sugar in the mesocarp adjacent to pedicel and mesocarp of the fruit was controlled by sucrose metabolizing enzymes and endogenous auxin. The changes of acid invertase (AI) activity and sucrose phosphate synthetase (SPS) activity were the main factors of sucrose accumulation in mesocarp was higher than that in the mesocarp adjacent to pedicel.

Key words: melon; sugar accumulation; gradient distribution; sucrose-metabolizing enzyme; endogenous